Understanding the Genomics and Metabolism of Rare Actinobacteria as Potential Sources of New A Antibiotics

الملخص

Introduction: There is an urgent requirement to develop novel antimicrobial agents that can counter the rising problem of antibiotic-resistant disease-causing microorganisms. The actinobacteria are a prolific source of natural products, and most of the known antibiotics are produced by these mycelial bacteria. Studies of rare actinobacteria can enhance the chances of new compounds with new chemical structures.

Methods: This review relates to intensive isolation and screening procedures of rare actinobacteria of understudied environments. The natural habitats like sandy, beach, desert and forest soils were viewed as potential harvest for collecting the less-represented genera in the past. The importance was also put on the assessments of ecological conditions, such as microbial interactions, which might trigger the expression of antibiotics.

Results: Natural discovery libraries and the probability of natural bioactive discovery are enhanced as a result of the screening of rare actinobacteria in unexploited natural habitats. It has been indicated that some antibiotics are solely expressed in some conditions of environmental or microbial interaction and there is a necessity to conduct research in other ecological niches such as soil, dry and marine ecosystems.  

Conclusion: The rare actinobacteria can also be used as a good source of novel antimicrobial drugs. Increasing bio-discovery initiatives by focusing on isolating, screening, and ecologically discovering new antimicrobial agents can empower scientific capacity to discover new, desperately required antimicrobial agents.